microsoft word

Microsoft Word From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Microsoft Word Microsoft Word 2013 Icon.png Microsoft Word on Windows 8.png Microsoft Office Word 2013 on Windows 8 Developer(s) Microsoft Stable release 2013 (15.0.4433.1506) / December 11, 2012; 3 months ago Operating system Microsoft Windows Type Word processor License Trialware Website office.microsoft.com/en-us/word/ Microsoft Word for Mac Microsoft Word 2011 Icon.png Microsoft Word for Mac 2011.png Microsoft Word for Mac 2011 Developer(s) Microsoft Operating system Mac OS X Type Word processor License Commercial proprietary software Website www.microsoft.com/mac/word Microsoft Word is a word processor designed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix systems.[1][2][3] Subsequent versions were later written for several other platforms including IBM PCs running DOS (1983), the Apple Macintosh (1984), the AT&T Unix PC (1985), Atari ST (1986), SCO UNIX, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows (1989). It is a component of the Microsoft Office software system; it is also sold as a standalone product and included in Microsoft Works Suite. Contents 1 History 1.1 Origins and growth: 1981 to 1995 1.2 Microsoft Word for Windows since 1995 1.3 Microsoft Word for Mac since 1995 2 File formats 2.1 File extension 2.2 Binary formats (Word 97–2003) 2.3 XML Document (Word 2003) 2.4 Cross-version compatibility 2.5 Third party formats 2.6 Image formats 3 Features and flaws 3.1 WordArt 3.2 Macros 3.3 Layout issues 3.4 Bullets and numbering 3.5 AutoSummarize 4 Password protection 5 Versions 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External links History Main article: History of Microsoft Word Origins and growth: 1981 to 1995 In 1981, Microsoft hired Charles Simonyi, the primary developer of Bravo, the first GUI word processor, which was developed at Xerox PARC.[4] Simonyi started work on a word processor called Multi-Tool Word and soon hired Richard Brodie, a former Xerox intern, who became the primary software engineer.[4][5][6] Microsoft Word 5.0 for DOS. Versions 1.0 to 4.0 had a similar user interface. Microsoft announced Multi-Tool Word for Xenix[4] and MS-DOS in 1983.[7] Its name was soon simplified to Microsoft Word.[1] Free demonstration copies of the application were bundled with the November 1983 issue of PC World, making it the first program to be distributed on-disk with a magazine.[1][8] Unlike most MS-DOS programs at the time, Microsoft Word was designed to be used with a mouse,[7] and it was able to display some formatting, such as bold, italic, and underlined text, although it could not render fonts.[1] It was not initially popular, since its user interface was different from the leading word processor at the time, WordStar.[9] However, Microsoft steadily improved the product, releasing versions 2.0 through 5.0 over the next six years. Microsoft Word 5.1 for Mac OS In 1985, Microsoft ported Word to the Macintosh. This was made easier by Word for DOS having been designed for use with high-resolution displays and laser printers, even though none were yet available to the general public.[10] Following the precedents of LisaWrite and MacWrite, Word for Mac added true WYSIWYG features. After its release, Word for Mac's sales were higher than its MS-DOS counterpart for at least four years.[4] The second release of Word for Macintosh, shipped in 1987, was named Word 3.0 to synchronize its version number with Word for DOS; this was Microsoft's first attempt to synchronize version numbers across platforms. Word 3.0 included numerous internal enhancements and new features, including the first implementation of the Rich Text Format (RTF) specification, but was plagued with bugs. Within a few months, Word 3.0 was superseded by a more stable Word 3.01, which was mailed free to all registered users of 3.0.[10] After MacWrite, Word for Mac never had any serious rivals on the Mac. Word 5.1 for the Macintosh, released in 1992, was a very popular word processor owing to its elegance, relative ease of use and feature set. Many users say it is the best version of Word for Mac ever created.[10][11] In 1986, an agreement between Atari and Microsoft brought Word to the Atari ST[12] under the name Microsoft Write. The Atari ST version was a port of Word 1.05 for the Apple Macintosh[13][14] and was never updated. The first version of Word for Windows was released in 1989. With the release of Windows 3.0 the following year, sales began to pick up and Microsoft soon became the market leader for word processors for IBM PC-compatible computers.[4] In 1991, Microsoft capitalized on Word for Windows' increasing popularity by releasing a version of Word for DOS, version 5.5, that replaced its unique user interface with an interface similar to a Windows application.[15][16] When Microsoft became aware of the Year 2000 problem, it made Microsoft Word 5.5 for DOS available for download free. As of February 2012, it is still available for download from Microsoft's web site.[17] In 1991, Microsoft embarked on a project code-named Pyramid to completely rewrite Microsoft Word from the ground up. Both the Windows and Mac versions would start from the same code base. It was abandoned when it was determined that it would take the development team too long to rewrite and then catch up with all the new capabilities that could have been added in the same time without a rewrite. Instead, the next versions of Word for Windows and Mac, dubbed version 6.0, both started from the code base of Word for Windows 2.0.[11] With the release of Word 6.0 in 1993, Microsoft again attempted to synchronize the version numbers and coordinate product naming across platforms, this time across DOS, Macintosh, and Windows (this was the last version of Word for DOS). It introduced AutoCorrect, which automatically fixed certain typing errors, and AutoFormat, which could reformat many parts of a document at once. While the Windows version received favorable reviews (e.g.,[18]), the Macintosh version was widely derided. Many accused it of being slow, clumsy and memory intensive, and its user interface differed significantly from Word 5.1.[11] In response to user requests, Microsoft offered Word 5 again, after it had been discontinued.[19] Subsequent versions of Word for Macintosh are no longer direct ports of Word for Windows, instead featuring a mixture of ported and native code. Word 2007 icon Microsoft Word 2007 Microsoft Word for Windows since 1995 A full-featured word processing program for Windows and Mac from Microsoft. Available stand-alone or as part of the Microsoft Office suite, Word contains rudimentary desktop publishing capabilities and is the most widely used word processing program on the market. Word files are commonly used as the format for sending text documents via e-mail because almost every user with a computer can read a Word document by using the Word application, a Word viewer or a word processor that imports the Word format (see Microsoft Word Viewer). Word 95 for Windows was the first 32-bit version of the product, released with Office 95 around the same time as Windows 95. It was a straightforward port of Word 6.0 and it introduced few new features, one of them being red-squiggle underlined spell-checking.[20] Starting with Word 95, releases of Word were named after the year of its release, instead of its version number.[21] Microsoft Word for Mac since 1995 See also: Microsoft Office#Macintosh versions In 1997, Microsoft formed the Macintosh Business Unit as an independent group within Microsoft focused on writing software for the Mac. Its first version of Word, Word 98, was released with Office 98 Macintosh Edition. Document compatibility reached parity with Word 97,[19] and it included features from Word 97 for Windows, including spell and grammar checking with squiggles.[22] Users could choose the menus and keyboard shortcuts to be similar to either Word 97 for Windows or Word 5 for Mac. Word 2001, released in 2000, added a few new features, including the Office Clipboard, which allowed users to copy and paste multiple items.[23] It was the last version to run on classic Mac OS and, on Mac OS X, it could only run within the Classic Environment. Word X, released in 2001, was the first version to run natively on, and required, Mac OS X,[22] and introduced non-contiguous text selection.[24] Word 2004 was released in May 2004. It included a new Notebook Layout view for taking notes either by typing or by voice.[25] Other features, such as tracking changes, were made more similar with Office for Windows.[26] Word for Mac 2008 icon Word 2008, released on January 15, 2008, included a Ribbon-like feature, called the Elements Gallery, that can be used to select page layouts and insert custom diagrams and images. It also included a new view focused on publishing layout, integrated bibliography management,[27] and native support for the new Office Open XML format. It was the first version to run natively on Intel-based Macs.[28] Word 2010 allows more customization of the Ribbon,[29] adds a Backstage view for file management,[30] has improved document navigation, allows creation and embedding of screenshots,[31] and integrates with Word Web App.[32] Word 2011, released in October 2010, replaced the Elements Gallery in favor of a Ribbon user interface that is much more similar to Office for Windows,[33] and includes a full-screen mode that allows users to focus on reading and writing documents, and support for Office Web Apps.[34] File formats File extension Microsoft Word's native file formats are denoted either by a .doc or .docx file extension. Although the ".doc" extension has been used in many different versions of Word, it actually encompasses four distinct file formats: Word for DOS Word for Windows 1 and 2; Word 4 and 5 for Mac Word 6 and Word 95 for Windows; Word 6 for Mac Word 97 and later for Windows; Word 98 and later for Mac The newer ".docx" extension signifies the Office Open XML international standard for Office documents and is used by Word 2007, 2010 and 2013 for Windows, Word 2008 and 2011 for the Macintosh, as well as by a growing number of applications from other vendors, including OpenOffice.org Writer, an open source word processing program.[35] Binary formats (Word 97–2003) This section includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (February 2011) During the late 1990s and early 2000s, the default Word document format (.DOC) became a de facto standard of document file formats for Microsoft Office users. Though usually just referred to as "Word Document Format", this term refers primarily to the range of formats used by default in Word version 97-2003. Word document files by using the Word 97-2003 Binary File Format implement OLE (Object Linking and Embedding) structured storage to manage the structure of their file format. OLE behaves rather like a conventional hard drive file system and is made up of several key components. Each Word document is composed of so-called "big blocks" which are almost always (but do not have to be) 512-byte chunks; hence a Word document's file size will in most cases be a multiple of 512. "Storages" are analogues of the directory on a disk drive, and point to other storages or "streams" which are similar to files on a disk. The text in a Word document is always contained in the "WordDocument" stream. The first big block in a Word document, known as the "header" block, provides important information as to the location of the major data structures in the document. "Property storages" provide metadata about the storages and streams in a doc file, such as where it begins and its name and so forth. The "File information block" contains information about where the text in a Word document starts, ends, what version of Word created the document and other attributes. Microsoft has published specifications for the Word 97-2003 Binary File Format.[36] However, these specifications were criticised for not documenting all of the features used by Word binary file format.[37] Word 2007 and 2010 continue to support the DOC file format, although it is no longer the default. XML Document (Word 2003) Main article: Microsoft Office XML formats The XML format introduced in Word 2003[38] was a simple, XML-based format called WordprocessingML. Cross-version compatibility Opening a Word Document file in a version of Word other than the one with which it was created can cause incorrect display of the document. The document formats of the various versions change in subtle and not so subtle ways (such as changing the font, or the handling of more complex tasks like footnotes), creating a "lock in" phenomenon to the base (proprietary) standard.[39] Formatting created in newer versions does not always survive when viewed in older versions of the program, nearly always because that capability does not exist in the previous version.[39] Rich Text Format (RTF), an early effort to create a format for interchanging formatted text between applications, is an optional format for Word that retains most formatting and all content of the original document. Third party formats Plugins permitting the Windows versions of Word to read and write formats it does not natively support, such as international standard OpenDocument format (ODF) (ISO/IEC 26300:2006), are available. Up until the release of Service Pack 2 (SP2) for Office 2007, Word did not natively support reading or writing ODF documents without a plugin, namely the SUN ODF Plugin or the OpenXML/ODF Translator. With SP2 installed, ODF format 1.1 documents can be read and saved like any other supported format in addition to those already available in Word 2007.[39][40][41][42][43] The implementation faces substantial criticism, and the ODF Alliance and others have claimed that the third party plugins provide better support.[44] Microsoft later declared that the ODF support has some limitations.[45] In October 2005, one year before the Microsoft Office 2007 suite was released, Microsoft declared that there was insufficient demand from Microsoft customers for the international standard OpenDocument format support, and that therefore it would not be included in Microsoft Office 2007. This statement was repeated in the following months.[46][47][48][49] As an answer, on October 20, 2005 an online petition was created to demand ODF support from Microsoft.[50] The petition was signed by approximately 12000 people.[51] In May 2006, the ODF plugin for Microsoft Office was released by the OpenDocument Foundation.[52] Microsoft declared that it had no relationship with the developers of the plugin.[53] In July 2006, Microsoft announced the creation of the Open XML Translator project – tools to build a technical bridge between the Microsoft Office Open XML Formats and the OpenDocument Format (ODF). This work was started in response to government requests for interoperability with ODF. The goal of project was not to add ODF support to Microsoft Office, but only to create a plugin and an external toolset.[54][55] In February 2007, this project released a first version of the ODF plugin for Microsoft Word.[56] In February 2007, Sun released an initial version of its ODF plugin for Microsoft Office.[57] Version 1.0 was released in July 2007.[58] Microsoft Word 2007 (Service Pack 1) supports (for output only) PDF and XPS formats, but only after manual installation of the Microsoft 'Save as PDF or XPS' add-on.[59][60] On later releases, this was offered by default. Image formats Word can import and display images in common bitmap formats such as JPG and GIF. It can also be used to create and display simple line-art. No version of Microsoft Word has support for the common SVG vector image format. Features and flaws This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2010) Among its features, Word includes a built-in spell checker, a thesaurus, a dictionary, and utilities for manipulating and editing text. The following are some aspects of its feature set. WordArt WordArt enables drawing text in a Microsoft Word document such as a title, watermark, or other text, with graphical effects such as skewing, shadowing, rotating, stretching in a variety of shapes and colors and even including three-dimensional effects, starting at version 2007, and prevalent in Office 2010. Users can apply formatting effects such as shadow, bevel, glow, and reflection to their document text as easily as applying bold or underline. Users can also spell-check text that uses visual effects, and add text effects to paragraph styles. Macros A Macro is a rule of pattern that specifies how a certain input sequence(often a sequence of characters) should be mapped to an output sequence according to defined process. Frequently used or repetitive sequences of keystrokes and mouse movements can be automated. Like other Microsoft Office documents, Word files can include advanced macros and even embedded programs. The language was originally WordBasic, but changed to Visual Basic for Applications as of Word 97. This extensive functionality can also be used to run and propagate viruses in documents. The tendency for people to exchange Word documents via email, USB flash drives, and floppy disks made this an especially attractive vector in 1999. A prominent example was the Melissa virus, but countless others have existed in the wild. These macro viruses were the only known cross-platform threats between Windows and Macintosh computers and they were the only infection vectors to affect any Mac OS X system up until the advent of video codec trojans in 2007. Microsoft released patches for Word X and Word 2004 that effectively eliminated the macro problem on the Mac by 2006. Word's macro security setting, which regulates when macros may execute, can be adjusted by the user, but in the most recent versions of Word, is set to HIGH by default, generally reducing the risk from macro-based viruses, which have become uncommon. Layout issues Before Word 2010 (Word 14) for Windows, the program was unable to correctly handle ligatures defined in TrueType fonts.[61] Those ligature glyphs with Unicode codepoints may be inserted manually, but are not recognized by Word for what they are, breaking spell checking, while custom ligatures present in the font are not accessible at all. Since Word 2010, the program now has advanced typesetting features which can be enabled:[62] OpenType ligatures,[63] kerning, and hyphenation. Other layout deficiencies of Word include the inability to set crop marks or thin spaces. Various third-party workaround utilities have been developed.[64] Similarly, combining diacritics are handled poorly: Word 2003 has "improved support", but many diacritics are still misplaced, even if a precomposed glyph is present in the font. Additionally, as of Word 2002, Word does automatic font substitution when it finds a character in a document that does not exist in the font specified. It is impossible to deactivate this, making it very difficult to spot when a glyph used is missing from the font in use. If "Mirror margins" or "Different odd and even" are enabled, Word will not allow the user to freshly begin page numbering an even page after a section break (and vice versa). Instead it inserts a mandatory blank page which cannot be removed.[65] In Word 2004 for Macintosh, support of complex scripts was inferior even to Word 97[citation needed], and Word 2004 does not support Apple Advanced Typography features like ligatures or glyph variants.[66] Bullets and numbering Word has extensive lists of bullets and numbering features used for tables, lists, pages, chapters, headers, footnotes, and tables of content. Bullets and numbering can be applied directly or using a button or by applying a style or through use of a template. Some problems with numbering have been found in Word 97-2003. An example is Word's system for restarting numbering.[67] The Bullets and Numbering system has been significantly overhauled for Office 2007, which drastically reduces these problems. Users can also create tables in Word. Depending on the version, Word can perform simple calculations. Formulae are supported as well. AutoSummarize AutoSummarize highlights passages or phrases that it considers valuable. The amount of text to be retained can be specified by the user as a percentage of the current amount of text. According to Ron Fein of the Word 97 team, AutoSummarize cuts wordy copy to the bone by counting words and ranking sentences. First, AutoSummarize identifies the most common words in the document (barring "a" and "the" and the like) and assigns a "score" to each word—the more frequently a word is used, the higher the score. Then, it "averages" each sentence by adding the scores of its words and dividing the sum by the number of words in the sentence—the higher the average, the higher the rank of the sentence. "It's like the ratio of wheat to chaff," explains Fein.[68] AutoSummarize was removed from Microsoft Word for Mac 2011, although it was present in Word for Mac 2008. AutoSummarize was removed from the Office 2010 release version (14) as well.[69] Password protection Main article: Microsoft Office password protection There are 3 password types that can be set in Microsoft Word: password to open a document[70] password to modify a document [71] password restricting formatting and editing [72] The second and the third type of passwords were developed by Microsoft for convenient shared use of documents rather than for their protection. There's no encryption of documents that are protected by such passwords, and Microsoft Office protection system saves a hash sum of a password in a document's header where it can be easily accessed and removed by the specialized software. Password to open a document offers much tougher protection that had been steadily enhanced in the subsequent editions of Microsoft Office. Word 95 and all the preceding editions had the weakest protection that utilized a conversion of a password to a 16-bit key. Key length in Word 97 and 2000 was strengthened up to 40 bit. However, modern cracking software allows removing such a password very quickly – a persistent cracking process takes one week at most. Use of rainbow tables by online services like Password-Find reduces password removal time to several seconds. Some password recovery software can not only remove a password, but also find an actual password that was used by a user to encrypt the document using brute-force attack approach. Statistically, the possibility of recovering the password depends on the password strength. Word's 2003/XP default protection remained the same but an option that allowed advanced users choosing a Cryptographic Service Provider was added.[73] If a strong CSP is chosen, guaranteed document decryption becomes unavailable, and therefore a password can't be removed from the document. Nonetheless, a password can be fairly quickly picked with brute-force attack, because its speed is still high regardless of the CSP selected. Moreover, since the CSPs are not active by the default, their use is limited to advanced users only. Word 2007 offers a significantly more secure document protection which utilizes the modern Advanced Encryption Standard that converts a password to a 128-bit key using a SHA-1 hash function 50000 times. It makes password removal impossible (as of today, no computer that can pick the key in reasonable amount of time exists), and drastically slows the brute-force attack speed down to several hundreds of passwords/second. Word's 2010 protection algorithm was not changed apart from increasing number of SHA-1 conversions up to 100000 times, and consequently, the brute-force attack speed decreased two times more. Versions Microsoft Word 5.5 for DOS Microsoft Word 2.0c on Windows 3.1 Microsoft Word 2000 running on Windows 2000 Microsoft Word 2010 running on Windows 7 Microsoft Word for Windows release history Year Released Name Version Comments 1989 Word for Windows 1.0 1990 Word for Windows 1.1 1.1 Code-named Bill the Cat 1990 Word for Windows 1.1a 1.1a For Windows 3.1 1991 Word for Windows 2.0 2.0 Code-named Spaceman Spiff 1993 Word for Windows 6.0 6.0 Code-named T3 (renumbered 6 to bring Windows version numbering in line with that of DOS version, Macintosh version and also WordPerfect, the main competing word processor at the time; also a 32-bit version for Windows NT only) 1995 Word 95 7.0 Included in Office 95 1997 Word 97 8.0 Included in Office 97 1998 Word 98 8.5 Only sold as part of Office 97 Powered By Word 98, which was only available in Japan and Korea. 1999 Word 2000 9.0 Included in Office 2000 2001 Word 2002 10.0 Included in Office XP 2003 Office Word 2003 11.0 Included in Office 2003 2006 Office Word 2007 12.0 Included in Office 2007; released to businesses on November 30, 2006, released worldwide to consumers on January 30, 2007 2010 Word 2010 14.0 Included in Office 2010 2013 Word 2013 15.0 Included in Office 2013 Note: Version number 13 was skipped due to superstition.[74] Microsoft Word for Mac release history Year Released Name Comments 1985 Word 1 1987 Word 3 1989 Word 4 Part of Office 1.0 and 1.5 1991 Word 5 Part of Office 3.0 Requires System 6.0.2, 512 KB of RAM (1 MB for 5.1, 2 MB to use spell check and thesaurus), 6.5 MB available hard drive space[10] 1992 Word 5.1 Part of Office 3.0 Last version to support 68000-based Macs[10] 1993 Word 6 Part of Office 4.2 Shares code and user interface with Word for Windows 6 Requires System 7.0, 4 MB of RAM (8 MB recommended), at least 10 MB available hard drive space, 68020 CPU[10] 1998 Word 98 Part of Office 98 Macintosh Edition Requires PowerPC-based Mac 2000 Word 2001 Part of Microsoft Office 2001 Last version compatible with Classic (OS 9 or earlier) Mac OS 2001 Word v. X Part of Office v. X First version for Mac OS X only 2004 Word 2004 Part of Office 2004 2008 Word 2008 Part of Office 2008 2010 Word 2011 Part of Office 2011 Word for MS-DOS release history Year released Name Comments 1983 Word 1 1985 Word 2 1986 Word 3 1987 Word 4 1989 Word 5 1991 Word 5.1 1991 Word 5.5 First DOS version to use a Windows-like user interface 1993 Word 6.0 Word release history on other platforms Platform Year released Name Comments Atari ST 1988 Microsoft Write Based on Microsoft Word 1.05 for Mac OS/2 1992 Microsoft Word for OS/2 version 1.1B See also List of word processors Comparison of word processors Microsoft Word Viewer References ^ a b c d A. Allen, Roy (October 2001). "Chapter 12: Microsoft in the 1980's". A History of the Personal Computer: The People and the Technology (1st edition ed.). Allan Publishing. pp. 12/25–12/26. ISBN 978-0-9689108-0-1. 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Retrieved 2010-06-21. ^ Open XML Translator project announced (ODF support for Office), July 05, 2006 Open XML Translator project announced (ODF support for Office) - Brian Jones & Zeyad Rajabi: Office Solutions - Site Home - MSDN Blogs ^ By Martin LaMonica Staff Writer, CNET News. "February 1, 2007, Microsoft to release ODF document converter". News.cnet.com. Retrieved 2010-06-21. ^ Lombardi, Candace (2007-02-07). "Sun to release ODF translator for Microsoft Office". News.cnet.com. Retrieved 2010-06-21. ^ Paul, Ryan (2007-07-07). "Sun releases ODF Plugin 1.0 for Microsoft Office, July 07, 2007". Arstechnica.com. Retrieved 2010-06-21. ^ "Download details: 2007 Microsoft Office Add-in: Microsoft Save as PDF or XPS". Microsoft.com. 2006-11-08. Retrieved 2010-06-21. ^ Microsoft to remove PDF support from Office 2007 in wake of Adobe dispute, Friday, June 02, 2006 Microsoft to remove PDF support from Office 2007 in wake of Adobe dispute | TG Daily ^ What's new in Word 2010. Retrieved 1 July 2010. ^ Improving the look of papers written in Microsoft Word, Retrieved 30 May 2010. ^ How to Enable OpenType Ligatures in Word 2010, Oreszek Blog, 17 May 2009. ^ Such as WordSetter (shareware) ^ "How to delete a blank page in Word". Sbarnhill.mvps.org. Retrieved 2010-06-21. ^ Neuburg, Matt (2004-05-19). "TidBITS : Word Up! Word 2004, That Is". Db.tidbits.com. Retrieved 2010-06-21. ^ "Methods for restarting list numbering". Word.mvps.org. 2009-10-22. Retrieved 2010-06-21. ^ Gore, Karenna (1997-02-09). "Cognito Auto Sum". Slate.com. Retrieved 2010-06-21. ^ Changes in Word 2010 ^ http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/word-help/password-protect-documents-workbooks-and-presentations-HA010148333.aspx#BM1 ^ http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/word-help/password-protect-documents-workbooks-and-presentations-HA010148333.aspx#BM3 ^ http://www.trickyways.com/2010/06/how-to-restrict-editing-in-word-2010-2007/ ^ http://www.oraxcel.com/projects/encoffice/help/How_safe_is_Word_encryption.html ^ For the sake of superstition the next version of Office won't be called '13', Office Watch News.

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microsoft excel

Microsoft Excel From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Microsoft Excel Microsoft Excel 2013 icon.png Microsoft Excel 2013 Default Screen.png Microsoft Excel 2013 running on Windows 8 Developer(s) Microsoft Stable release 2013 (15.0.4433.1506) / December 11, 2012; 3 months ago Operating system Microsoft Windows Type Spreadsheet License Trialware[1] Website office.microsoft.com/en-us/excel Microsoft Excel for Mac Microsoft Excel 2011 Icon.png Microsoft Excel for Mac 2011.png Microsoft Excel for Mac 2011 running on Mac OS X Snow Leopard Developer(s) Microsoft Stable release 2011 (14.1.0.100825) / October 26, 2010; 2 years ago Operating system Mac OS X Type Spreadsheet License Proprietary commercial software Website www.microsoft.com/mac/excel Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet application developed by Microsoft for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It has been a very widely applied spreadsheet for these platforms, especially since version 5 in 1993, and it has replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the industry standard for spreadsheets. Excel forms part of Microsoft Office. Contents 1 Basic operation 2 VBA programming 3 Charts 4 Using other Windows applications 5 Using external data 6 Quirks 6.1 Statistical functions 6.2 Excel MOD function error 6.3 Date problems 6.4 Filenames 7 Numeric precision 8 History 8.1 Excel 1.0, 1.5, 2.x 8.2 Excel 5.0 8.3 Excel 95 8.4 Excel 97 8.5 Excel 2000 8.6 Excel XP 8.7 Excel 2003 8.8 Excel 2007 8.9 Excel 2010 8.10 Excel 2013 9 Versions 9.1 Microsoft Windows 9.2 Apple Macintosh 9.3 OS/2 10 Number of rows and columns 11 File formats 11.1 Binary 11.2 XML Spreadsheet 11.3 Standard file-extensions 11.4 Office Open XML 12 Password protection 13 Export and migration of spreadsheets 14 See also 15 References 16 General references 17 External links Basic operation Main article: Spreadsheet Microsoft Excel has the basic features of all spreadsheets,[2] using a grid of cells arranged in numbered rows and letter-named columns to organize data manipulations like arithmetic operations. It has a battery of supplied functions to answer statistical, engineering and financial needs. In addition, it can display data as line graphs, histograms and charts, and with a very limited three-dimensional graphical display. It allows sectioning of data to view its dependencies on various factors for different perspectives (using pivot tables and the scenario manager).[3] It has a programming aspect, Visual Basic for Applications, allowing the user to employ a wide variety of numerical methods, for example, for solving differential equations of mathematical physics,[4][5] and then reporting the results back to the spreadsheet. It also has a variety of interactive features allowing user interfaces that can completely hide the spreadsheet from the user, so the spreadsheet presents itself as a so-called application, or decision support system (DSS), via a custom-designed user interface, for example, a stock analyzer,[6] or in general, as a design tool that asks the user questions and provides answers and reports.[7][8][9] In a more elaborate realization, an Excel application can automatically poll external databases and measuring instruments using an update schedule,[10] analyze the results, make a Word report or Power Point slide show, and e-mail these presentations on a regular basis to a list of participants. Use of a user-defined function sq(x) in Microsoft Excel. The named variables x & y are identified in the Name Manager. The function sq is introduced using the Visual Basic editor supplied with Excel. Subroutine in Excel calculates the square of named column variable x read from the spreadsheet, and writes it into the named column variable y. Graph made using Microsoft Excel Microsoft allows for a number of optional command-line switches to control the manner in which Excel starts.[11] VBA programming Main article: Visual basic for applications The Windows version of Excel supports programming through Microsoft's Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), which is a dialect of Visual Basic. Programming with VBA allows spreadsheet manipulation that is awkward or impossible with standard spreadsheet techniques. Programmers may write code directly using the Visual Basic Editor (VBE), which includes a window for writing code, debugging code, and code module organization environment. The user can implement numerical methods as well as automating tasks such as formatting or data organization in VBA[12] and guide the calculation using any desired intermediate results reported back to the spreadsheet. VBA was removed from Mac Excel 2008, as the developers did not believe that a timely release would allow porting the VBA engine natively to Mac OS X. VBA was restored in the next version, Mac Excel 2011.[13] A common and easy way to generate VBA code is by using the Macro Recorder.[14] The Macro Recorder records actions of the user and generates VBA code in the form of a macro. These actions can then be repeated automatically by running the macro. The macros can also be linked to different trigger types like keyboard shortcuts, a command button or a graphic. The actions in the macro can be executed from these trigger types or from the generic toolbar options. The VBA code of the macro can also be edited in the VBE. Certain features such as loop functions and screen prompts by their own properties, and some graphical display items, cannot be recorded, but must be entered into the VBA module directly by the programmer. Advanced users can employ user prompts to create an interactive program, or react to events such as sheets being loaded or changed. Users should be aware that using Macro Recorded code may not be compatible from one version of Excel to another. Some code that is used in Excel 2010 can not be used in Excel 2003. Making a Macro that changes the cell colors and making changes to other aspects of cells may not be backward compatible. VBA code interacts with the spreadsheet through the Excel Object Model,[15] a vocabulary identifying spreadsheet objects, and a set of supplied functions or methods that enable reading and writing to the spreadsheet and interaction with its users (for example, through custom toolbars or command bars and message boxes). User-created VBA subroutines execute these actions and operate like macros generated using the macro recorder, but are more flexible and efficient. Charts Excel supports charts, graphs, or histograms generated from specified groups of cells. The generated graphic component can either be embedded within the current sheet, or added as a separate object. These displays are dynamically updated if the content of cells change. For example, suppose that the important design requirements are displayed visually; then, in response to a user's change in trial values for parameters, the curves describing the design change shape, and their points of intersection shift, assisting the selection of the best design. Using other Windows applications [icon] This section requires expansion. (April 2010) Windows applications such as Microsoft Access and Microsoft Word, as well as Excel can communicate with each other and use each other's capabilities. The most common are Dynamic Data Exchange: although strongly deprecated by Microsoft, this is a common method to send data between applications running on Windows, with official MS publications referring to it as "the protocol from hell".[16] As the name suggests, it allows applications to supply data to others for calculation and display. It is very common in financial markets, being used to connect to important financial data services such as Bloomberg and Reuters. OLE Object Linking and Embedding: allows a Windows application to control another to enable it to format or calculate data. This may take on the form of "embedding" where an application uses another to handle a task that it is more suited to, for example a Powerpoint presentation may be embedded in an Excel spreadsheet or vice versa.[17][18][19][20] Using external data [icon] This section requires expansion. (February 2010) Excel users can access external data sources via Microsoft Office features such as (for example) .odc connections built with the Office Data Connection file format. Excel files themselves may be updated using a Microsoft supplied ODBC driver. Excel can accept data in real time through several programming interfaces, which allow it to communicate with many data sources such as Bloomberg and Reuters (through addins such as Power Plus Pro). DDE : "Dynamic Data Exchange" uses the message passing mechanism in Windows to allow data to flow between Excel and other applications. Although it is easy for users to create such links, programming such links reliably is so difficult that Microsoft, the creators of the system, officially refer to it as "the protocol from hell".[16] In spite of its many issues DDE remains the most common way for data to reach traders in financial markets. Network DDE Extended the protocol to allow spreadsheets on different computers to exchange data. Given the view above, it is not surprising that in Vista, Microsoft no longer supports the facility.[21] Real Time Data : RTD although in many ways technically superior to DDE, has been slow to gain acceptance, since it requires non-trivial programming skills, and when first released was neither adequately documented nor supported by the major data vendors.[22][23] Alternatively, Microsoft Query provides ODBC-based browsing within Microsoft Excel.[24][25][26] Quirks Other errors specific to Excel include misleading statistics functions, mod function errors, date limitations and the Excel 2007 error.[27] Further information: Spreadsheet Shortcomings Statistical functions The accuracy and convenience of statistical tools in Excel has been criticized,[28][29][30][31][32] as mishandling missing data, as returning incorrect values due to inept handling of round-off and large numbers, as only selectively updating calculations on a spreadsheet when some cell values are changed, and as having a limited set of statistical tools. Microsoft has announced some of these issues are addressed in Excel 2010.[33] Excel MOD function error Excel has issues with modulo operations. In the case of excessively large results, Excel will return the error warning #NUM! instead of an answer.[34][35] Date problems Excel includes January 0, 1900 and February 29, 1900, incorrectly treating 1900 as a leap year.[36][37] The bug originated from Lotus 1-2-3, and was purposely implemented in Excel for the purpose of backward compatibility.[38] This legacy has later been carried over into Office Open XML file format.[39] Excel also does not support dates before 1900.[40] Filenames Microsoft Excel will not open two documents with the same name and instead will display the following error: A document with the name '%s' is already open. You cannot open two documents with the same name, even if the documents are in different folders. To open the second document, either close the document that is currently open, or rename one of the documents.[41] The reason is for calculation ambiguity with linked cells. If there is a cell ='[Book1.xlsx]Sheet1'!$G$33, and there are two books named "Book1" open, there is no way to tell which one the user means.[42] Numeric precision Main article: Numeric precision in Microsoft Excel Excel maintains 15 figures in its numbers, but they are not always accurate: the bottom line should be the same as the top line. Despite the use of 15-figure precision, Excel can display many more figures (up to thirty) upon user request. But the displayed figures are not those actually used in its computations, and so, for example, the difference of two numbers may differ from the difference of their displayed values. Although such departures are usually beyond the 15th decimal, exceptions do occur, especially for very large or very small numbers. Serious errors can occur if decisions are made based upon automated comparisons of numbers (for example, using the Excel If function), as equality of two numbers can be unpredictable. In the figure the fraction 1/9000 is displayed in Excel. Although this number has a decimal representation that is an infinite string of ones, Excel displays only the leading 15 figures. In the second line, the number one is added to the fraction, and again Excel displays only 15 figures. In the third line, one is subtracted from the sum using Excel. Because the sum in the second line has only eleven 1's after the decimal, the difference when 1 is subtracted from this displayed value is three 0's followed by a string of eleven 1's. However, the difference reported by Excel in the third line is three 0's followed by a string of thirteen 1's and two extra erroneous digits. This is because Excel calculates with about half a digit more than it displays. Excel works with a modified 1985 version of the IEEE 754 specification.[43] Excel's implementation involves conversions between binary and decimal representations, leading to accuracy that is on average better than one would expect from simple fifteen digit precision, but that can be worse. See the main article for details. Besides accuracy in user computations, the question of accuracy in Excel-provided functions may be raised. Particularly in the arena of statistical functions, Excel has been criticized for sacrificing accuracy for speed of calculation.[44][45] As many calculations in Excel are executed using VBA, an additional issue is the accuracy of VBA, which varies with variable type and user-requested precision.[46] History Excel 1.0, 1.5, 2.x Microsoft originally marketed a spreadsheet program called Multiplan in 1982. Multiplan became very popular on CP/M systems, but on MS-DOS systems it lost popularity to Lotus 1-2-3. Microsoft released the first version of Excel for the Macintosh on 30 September 1985, and the first Windows version was 2.05 (to synchronize with the Macintosh version 2.2) in November 1987.[47] Lotus was slow to bring 1-2-3 to Windows and by 1988 Excel had started to outsell 1-2-3 and helped Microsoft achieve the position of leading PC software developer. This accomplishment, dethroning the king of the software world, solidified Microsoft as a valid competitor and showed its future of developing GUI software. Microsoft pushed its advantage with regular new releases, every two years or so. Early in 1993 Excel became the target of a trademark lawsuit by another company already selling a software package named "Excel" in the finance industry. As the result of the dispute Microsoft had to refer to the program as "Microsoft Excel" in all of its formal press releases and legal documents. However, over time this practice has been ignored, and Microsoft cleared up the issue permanently when they purchased the trademark of the other program.[citation needed] Microsoft also encouraged the use of the letters XL as shorthand for the program[citation needed]; while this is no longer common, the program's icon on Windows (before Excel 2013) still consists of a stylized combination of the two letters, and the file extension of the default Excel format is .xls (.xlsx in newer versions). Excel offers many user interface tweaks over the earliest electronic spreadsheets; however, the essence remains the same as in the original spreadsheet software, VisiCalc: the program displays cells organized in rows and columns, and each cell may contain data or a formula, with relative or absolute references to other cells. Excel became the first spreadsheet to allow the user to define the appearance of spreadsheets (fonts, character attributes and cell appearance). It also introduced intelligent cell recomputation, where only cells dependent on the cell being modified are updated (previous spreadsheet programs recomputed everything all the time or waited for a specific user command). Excel has extensive graphing capabilities, and enables users to perform mail merge. From its first version Excel supported end user programming of macros (automation of repetitive tasks) and user defined functions (extension of Excel's built-in function library). In early versions of Excel these programs were written in a macro language whose statements had formula syntax and resided in the cells of special purpose macro sheets (stored with file extension .XLM in Windows.) XLM was the default macro language for Excel through Excel 4.0.[48] Beginning with version 5.0 Excel recorded macros in VBA by default but with version 5.0 XLM recording was still allowed as an option. After version 5.0 that option has been discontinued. All versions of Excel, including Excel 2010 are capable of running an XLM macro, though Microsoft discourages their use.[49] Excel 5.0 With version 5.0, Excel has included Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), a programming language based on Visual Basic which adds the ability to automate tasks in Excel and to provide user-defined functions (UDF) for use in worksheets. VBA is a powerful addition to the application and includes a fully featured integrated development environment (IDE). Macro recording can produce VBA code replicating user actions, thus allowing simple automation of regular tasks. VBA allows the creation of forms and in‑worksheet controls to communicate with the user. The language supports use (but not creation) of ActiveX (COM) DLL's; later versions add support for class modules allowing the use of basic object-oriented programming techniques. The automation functionality provided by VBA made Excel a target for macro viruses. This caused serious problems until antivirus products began to detect these viruses. Microsoft belatedly took steps to prevent the misuse by adding the ability to disable macros completely, to enable macros when opening a workbook or to trust all macros signed using a trusted certificate. Versions 5.0 to 9.0 of Excel contain various Easter eggs, including a "Hall of Tortured Souls", although since version 10 Microsoft has taken measures to eliminate such undocumented features from their products.[50] Excel 95 Internal rewrite to 32 bits. Almost no external changes, but faster and more stable. Excel 97 Major upgrade. Introduced the paper clip office assistant. Standard VBA used instead of internal Excel Basic. Includes now removed Natural Language labels. Excel 2000 See also: Microsoft Office 2000 Minor upgrade. Clipboard can hold multiple objects at once. The Office Assistant, whose frequent unsolicited appearance in Excel 97 had annoyed many users, became less intrusive. Excel 2007 icon Microsoft Excel 2007 Excel XP Released about 2001. Very minor enhancements. Excel 2003 Minor enhancements, most significant being the new Tables. Excel 2007 This release was a major upgrade from the previous version. Similar to other updated Office products, Excel in 2007 used the new Ribbon menu system. This is different from what users are used to, but the number of mouse-clicks needed to reach a given functionality is generally fewer (e.g., removing gridlines only required two mouse-clicks instead of five). However, most business users agree that the replacement of the straightforward menu system with the more convoluted ribbon dramatically reduces productivity.[51] Also like other office products, the Office Open XML file formats were introduced, including .xlsm for a workbook with macros and .xlsx for a workbook without macros.[52] Specifically, many of the size limitations of previous versions were greatly increased. To illustrate, the number of rows was now 1,048,576 (220) and columns was 16,384 (214; the far-right column is XFD). This changes what is a valid A1 reference versus a named range. Other features included an improved management of named variables through the Name Manager, and much improved flexibility in formatting graphs, which now allow (x, y) coordinate labeling and lines of arbitrary weight. Several improvements to pivot tables were introduced. This version made more extensive use of multiple cores for the calculation of spreadsheets; however, VBA macros are not handled in parallel and XLL add‑ins were only executed in parallel if they were thread-safe and this was indicated at registration. Excel 2010 Minor enhancements, see [53] Excel 2013 A lot of new tools have been included in this release: FlashFill PowerView PowerPivot Timeline Slicer Windows App Inquire 50 new functions Versions Microsoft Windows Microsoft Excel 2010 running on Windows 7 1987 Excel 2.0 for Windows 1990 Excel 3.0 1992 Excel 4.0 1993 Excel 5.0 (Office 4.2 & 4.3, also a 32-bit version for Windows NT only on the x86, PowerPC, Alpha, and MIPS architectures) This version of Excel includes a DOOM-like game as an Easter Egg. 1995 Excel for Windows 95 (version 7.0) included in Office 95 1997 Excel 97 (version 8.0) included in Office 97 (for x86 and Alpha). This version of Excel includes a flight simulator as an Easter Egg. 1999 Excel 2000 (version 9.0) included in Office 2000 2001 Excel 2002 (version 10) included in Office XP 2003 Office Excel 2003 (version 11) included in Office 2003 2007 Office Excel 2007 (version 12) included in Office 2007 2010 Excel 2010 (version 14) included in Office 2010 2013 Excel 2013 (version 15) included in Office 2013 Note: No MS-DOS version of Excel 1.0 for Windows ever existed: the Windows version originated at the time the Mac version was up to 2.0. Note: There is no Excel 6.0, because the Windows 95 version was launched with Word 7. All the Office 95 & Office 4.X products have OLE 2 capacity — moving data automatically from various programs — and Excel 7 would show that it was contemporary with Word 7. Note: Version number 13 was skipped due to superstition. Dock icon for Excel 2011 for Mac Apple Macintosh 1985 Excel 1.0 1988 Excel 1.5 1989 Excel 2.2 1990 Excel 3.0 1992 Excel 4.0 1993 Excel 5.0 (part of Office 4.X—Motorola 68000 version and first PowerPC version) 1998 Excel 8.0 (part of Office 98) 2000 Excel 9.0 (part of Office 2001) 2001 Excel 10.0 (part of Office v. X) 2004 Excel 11.0 (part of Office 2004) 2008 Excel 12.0 (part of Office 2008) 2011 Excel 14.0 (part of Office 2011) OS/2 1989 Excel 2.2 1990 Excel 2.3 1991 Excel 3.0 Number of rows and columns Versions of Excel up to 7.0 had a limitation in the size of their data sets of 16K (214 = 16384) rows. Versions 8.0 through 11.0 could handle 64K (216 = 65536) rows and 256 columns (28 as label 'IV'). Version 12.0 can handle 1M (220 = 1048576) rows, and 16384 (214 as label 'XFD') columns.[54] File formats Excel Spreadsheet Filename extension .xls, (.xlsx, .xlsm, .xlsb - Excel 2007) Internet media type application/vnd.ms-excel Uniform Type Identifier com.microsoft.excel.xls[55] Developed by Microsoft Type of format Spreadsheet Microsoft Excel up until 2007 version used a proprietary binary file format called Excel Binary File Format (.XLS) as its primary format.[56] Excel 2007 uses Office Open XML as its primary file format, an XML-based format that followed after a previous XML-based format called "XML Spreadsheet" ("XMLSS"), first introduced in Excel 2002.[57] Although supporting and encouraging the use of new XML-based formats as replacements, Excel 2007 remained backwards-compatible with the traditional, binary formats. In addition, most versions of Microsoft Excel can read CSV, DBF, SYLK, DIF, and other legacy formats. Support for some older file formats was removed in Excel 2007.[58] The file formats were mainly from DOS-based programs. Binary OpenOffice.org has created documentation of the Excel format.[59] Since then Microsoft made the Excel binary format specification available to freely download.[60] XML Spreadsheet Main article: Microsoft Office XML formats The XML Spreadsheet format introduced in Excel 2002[57] is a simple, XML based format missing some more advanced features like storage of VBA macros. Though the intended file extension for this format is .xml, the program also correctly handles XML files with .xls extension. This feature is widely used by third-party applications (e.g. MySQL Query Browser) to offer "export to Excel" capabilities without implementing binary file format. The following example will be correctly opened by Excel if saved either as Book1.xml or Book1.xls: Name Example Value 123 Standard file-extensions [icon] This section requires expansion with: explanation of purpose and when deprecated. (February 2009) Format Extension Description Spreadsheet .xls Main spreadsheet format which holds data in worksheets, charts, and macros Add-in (VBA) .xla Adds custom functionality; written in VBA Toolbar .xlb The file extension where Microsoft Excel custom toolbar settings are stored. Chart .xlc A chart created with data from a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet that only saves the chart. To save the chart and spreadsheet save as .XLS. XLC is not supported in Excel 2007 or in any newer versions of Excel. Dialog .xld Used in older versions of Excel. Archive .xlk A backup of an Excel Spreadsheet Add-in (DLL) .xll Adds custom functionality; written in C++/C, Visual Basic, Fortran, etc. and compiled in to a special dynamic-link library Macro .xlm A macro is created by the user or pre-installed with Excel. Template .xlt A pre-formatted spreadsheet created by the user or by Microsoft Excel. Module .xlv A module is written in VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) for Microsoft Excel Library .DLL Code written in VBA may access functions in a DLL, typically this is used to access the Windows API Workspace .xlw Arrangement of the windows of multiple Workbooks Office Open XML Main article: Office Open XML Microsoft Excel 2007, along with the other products in the Microsoft Office 2007 suite, introduced new file formats. The first of these (.xlsx) is defined in the Office Open XML (OOXML) specification. The new Excel 2007 formats are: New Excel 2007 formats Format Extension Description Excel Workbook .xlsx The default Excel 2007 workbook format. In reality a ZIP compressed archive with a directory structure of XML text documents. Functions as the primary replacement for the former binary .xls format, although it does not support Excel macros for security reasons. Excel Macro-enabled Workbook .xlsm As Excel Workbook, but with macro support. Excel Binary Workbook .xlsb As Excel Macro-enabled Workbook, but storing information in binary form rather than XML documents for opening and saving documents more quickly and efficiently. Intended especially for very large documents with tens of thousands of rows, and/or several hundreds of columns. Excel Macro-enabled Template .xltm A template document that forms a basis for actual workbooks, with macro support. The replacement for the old .xlt format. Excel Add-in .xlam Excel add-in to add extra functionality and tools. Inherent macro support because of the file purpose. Excel 2010 continues with these new formats. Password protection Main article: Microsoft Office password protection Microsoft Excel protection offers several types of passwords: password to open a document [61] password to modify a document [62] password to unprotect worksheet password to protect workbook password to protect the sharing workbook [63] All passwords except password to open a document can be removed instantly regardless of Microsoft Excel version used to create the document. These types of passwords are used primarily for shared work on a document. Such password-protected documents are not encrypted, and a data sources from a set password is saved in a document’s header. Password to protect workbook is an exception – when it is set, a document is encrypted with the standard password “VelvetSweatshop”, but since it is known to public, it actually does not add any extra protection to the document. The only type of password that can prevent a trespasser from gaining access to a document is password to open a document. The cryptographic strength of this kind of protection depends strongly on the Microsoft Excel version that was used to create the document. In Microsoft Excel 95 and earlier versions, password to open is converted to a 16-bit key that can be instantly cracked. In Excel 97/2000 the password is converted to a 40-bit key, which can also be cracked very quickly using modern equipment. The success rate of this operation is 100%.[64] As regards services which use rainbow tables (e.g. Password-Find), it takes up to several seconds to remove protection. In addition, password-cracking programs can brute-force attack passwords at a rate of hundreds of thousands of passwords a second, which not only lets them decrypt a document, but also find the original password. In Excel 2003/XP the state of affairs is slightly better – a user can choose any encryption algorithm that is available in the system (see Cryptographic Service Provider). Due to the CSP, an Excel file can't be decrypted, and thus the password to open can't be removed, though the brute-force attack speed remains quite high. Nevertheless, the older Excel 97/2000 algorithm is set by the default.[65] Therefore, users who did not changed the default settings lack reliable protection of their documents. The situation changed fundamentally in Excel 2007, where the modern AES algorithm with a key of 128 bits started being used for decryption, and a 50,000-fold use of the hash function SHA1 reduced the speed of brute-force attacks down to hundreds of passwords per second. In Excel 2010, the strength of the protection by the default was increased two times thanks to the use of a 100,000-fold SHA1 to convert a password to a key. Conclusion: Currently, reliable protection is provided only by documents saved in the Office 2007/2010 format with a strong password to open set to them. Export and migration of spreadsheets Programmers have produced APIs to open Excel spreadsheets in a variety of applications and environments other than Microsoft Excel. These include opening Excel documents on the web using either ActiveX controls, or plugins like the Adobe Flash Player. The Apache POI opensource project provides Java libraries for reading and writing Excel spreadsheet files. ExcelPackage is another open-source project that provides server-side generation of Microsoft Excel 2007 spreadsheets. PHPExcel is a PHP library that converts Excel5, Excel 2003, and Excel 2007 formats into objects for reading and writing within a web application. Excel Services is a current .NET developer tool that can enhance Excel's capabilities. See also Comparison of risk analysis Microsoft Excel add-ins Comparison of spreadsheets Excel Viewer List of spreadsheets Spreadmart Visual Basic for Applications References ^ "Microsoft Office Excel 2010". Download.com. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 7 February 2013. ^ Harvey, Greg (2006). Excel 2007 For Dummies. Wiley. ISBN 0-470-03737-7. ^ Harvey, Greg (2007). Excel 2007 Workbook for Dummies (2nd ed.). Wiley. p. 296 ff. ISBN 0-470-16937-0. ^ de Levie, Robert (2004). Advanced Excel for scientific data analysis. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-515275-1. ^ Bourg, David M. (2006). Excel scientific and engineering cookbook. O'Reilly. ISBN 0-596-00879-1. ^ Şeref, Michelle M. H.; and Ahuja, Ravindra K. (2008). "§4.2 A portfolio management and optimization spreadsheet DSS". In Burstein, Frad; and Holsapple, Clyde W.. Handbook on Decision Support Systems 1: Basic Themes. Springer. ISBN 3-540-48712-3. ^ Wells, Eric; and Harshbarger, Steve (1997). Microsoft Excel 97 Developer's Handbook. Microsoft Press. ISBN 1-57231-359-5. Excellent examples are developed that show just how applications can be designed. ^ Harnett, Donald L.; and Horrell, James F. (1998). Data, statistics, and decision models with Excel. Wiley. ISBN 0-471-13398-1. ^ Şeref, Michelle M. H.; Ahuja, Ravindra K.; and Winston, Wayne L. (2007). Developing spreadsheet-based decision support systems: using Excel and VBA. Dynamic Ideas. ISBN 0-9759146-5-0. ^ Some form of data acquisition hardware is required. See, for example, Austerlitz, Howard (2003). Data acquisition techniques using PCs (2nd ed.). Academic Press. p. 281 ff. ISBN 0-12-068377-6. ^ "Description of the startup switches for Excel". Microsoft Help and Support. Microsoft Support. 2007-05-07. Retrieved 2010-12-14. "Microsoft Excel accepts a number of optional switches that you can use to control how the program starts. This article lists the switches and provides a description of each switch." ^ For example, by converting to Visual Basic the recipes in Press, William H. Press; Teukolsky, Saul A.; Vetterling, William T.; and Flannery, Brian P. (2007). Numerical recipes: the art of scientific computing (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-88068-8. Code conversion to Basic from Fortran probably is easier than from C++, so the 2nd edition (isbn=0521437210) may be easier to use, or the Basic code implementation of the first edition: Sprott, Julien C. (1991). Numerical recipes: routines and examples in BASIC. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-40689-7.. ^ "Excel". Office for Mac. OfficeforMacHelp.com. Retrieved 2012-07-08. ^ However an increasing proportion of Excel functionality is not captured by the Macro Recorder leading to largely useless macros. Compatibility among multiple versions of Excel are also a downfall of this method. A macro recorded in Excel 2010 may not work in Excel 2003 or older. This is most common when changing colors and formatting of cells. Walkenbach, John (2007). "Chapter 6: Using the Excel macro recorder". Excel 2007 VBA Programming for Dummies (Revised by Jan Karel Pieterse ed.). Wiley. p. 79 ff. ISBN 0-470-04674-0. ^ Walkenbach, John (2007-02-02). "Chapter 4: Introducing the Excel object model". cited work. p. 53 ff. ISBN 0-470-04674-0. ^ a b Newcomer, Joseph M.; "Faking DDE with Private Servers", Dr. Dobb's, january 1st, 1993 ^ Schmalz, Michael (2006). "Chapter 5: Using Access VBA to automate Excel". Integrating Excel and Access. O'Reilly Media, Inc. ISBN 0-596-00973-9. Schmalz, Michael (2006). "Chapter 5: Using Access VBA to automate Excel". Integrating Excel and Access. O'Reilly Media, Inc. ISBN 0-596-00973-9. ^ Cornell, Paul (2007). "Chapter 5: Connect to other databases". Excel as Your Database. Apress. p. 117 ff. ISBN 1-59059-751-6. ^ DeMarco, Jim (2008). "Excel's data import tools". Pro Excel 2007 VBA. Apress. p. 43 ff. ISBN 1-59059-957-8. ^ Harts, Doug (2007). "Importing Access data into Excel 2007". Microsoft Office 2007 Business Intelligence: Reporting, Analysis, and Measurement from the Desktop. McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 0-07-149424-3. ^ Microsoft discontinues support for network DDE ^ How to set up RTD in Excel ^ DeMarco, Jim (2008). Pro Excel 2007 VBA. Berkeley, CA: Apress. p. 225. ISBN 978-1-59059-957-0. "External data is accessed through a connection file, such as an Office Data Connection (ODC) file (.odc)" ^ Bullen, Stephen; Bovey, Rob; and Green, John (2009). Professional Excel Development (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Addison-Wesley. p. 665. ISBN 0-321-50879-3. "To create a robust solution, we always have to include some VBA code ..." ^ William, Wehrs (2000). "An Applied DSS Course Using Excel and VBA: IS and/or MS?" (PDF). The Proceedings of ISECON (Information System Educator Conference). pp. 4. Retrieved 2010-02-05. "Microsoft Query is a data retrieval tool (i.e. ODBC browser) that can be employed within Excel 97. It allows a user to create and save queries on external relational databases for which an ODBC driver is available." ^ Use Microsoft Query to retrieve external data ^ Fix of display error for a number from 65535.99999999995 to 65536 ^ McCullough, Bruce D.; Wilson, Berry (2002). "On the accuracy of statistical procedures in Microsoft Excel 2000 and Excel XP". Computational Statistics & Data Analysis 40 (4): 713–721. doi:10.1016/S0167-9473(02)00095-6. ^ McCullough, Bruce D.; Heiser, David A. (2008). "On the accuracy of statistical procedures in Microsoft Excel 2007". Computational Statistics & Data Analysis 52 (10): 4570–4578. doi:10.1016/j.csda.2008.03.004. ^ Yalta, A. Talha (2008). "The accuracy of statistical distributions in Microsoft Excel 2007". Computational Statistics & Data Analysis 52 (10): 4579–4586. doi:10.1016/j.csda.2008.03.005. ^ Goldwater, Eva. "Using Excel for Statistical Data Analysis — Caveats". University of Massachusetts School of Public Health. Retrieved 2008-11-10. ^ Heiser, David A. (2008). "Microsoft Excel 2000, 2003 and 2007 faults, problems, workarounds and fixes". Retrieved 2010-04-08. ^ Function improvements in Excel 2010 Comments are provided from readers that may illuminate some remaining problems. ^ "XL: MOD() Function Returns #NUM! Error Value". Microsoft. January 19, 2007. Retrieved 2008-11-10. ^ "The MOD bug". Byg Software. Retrieved 2008-11-10. ^ "Days of the week before March 1, 1900 are incorrect in Excel". Microsoft. Retrieved 2008-11-10. ^ "Excel 2000 incorrectly assumes that the year 1900 is a leap year". Microsoft. Retrieved 2008-11-10. ^ Spolsky, Joel (June 16, 2006). "My First BillG Review". Joel on Software. Retrieved 2008-11-10. ^ "The Contradictory Nature of OOXML". ConsortiumInfo.org. ^ "Negative date and time value are displayed as pound signs (###) in Excel". Micrsoft. Retrieved 2012-03-26. ^ The Hindu Business Line : Trouble with macros ^ Microsoft Excel - Why Can't I Open Two Files With the Same Name? ^ Microsoft's overview is found at: "Floating-point arithmetic may give inaccurate results in Excel". Revision 8.2 ; article ID: 78113. Microsoft support. June 30, 2010. Retrieved 2010-07-02. ^ Altman, Micah; Gill, Jeff; McDonald, Michael (2004). "§2.1.1 Revealing example: Computing the coefficient standard deviation". Numerical issues in statistical computing for the social scientist. Wiley-IEEE. p. 12. ISBN 0-471-23633-0. ^ de Levie, Robert (2004). cited work. pp. 45–46. ISBN 0-19-515275-1. ^ Walkenbach, John (2010). "Defining data types". Excel 2010 Power Programming with VBA. Wiley. pp. 198 ff and Table 8–1. ISBN 0-470-47535-8. ^ Infoworld Media Group, Inc. (1986-07-07). InfoWorld First Look: Supercalc 4 challenging 1-2-3 with new tactic. ^ "The Spreadsheet Page for Excel Users and Developers". J-Walk & Associates, Inc.. Retrieved 2012-12-19. ^ "Working with Excel 4.0 macros". Microsoft Office Support. Retrieved 2012-12-19. ^ Osterman, Larry (October 21, 2005). "Why no Easter Eggs?". Larry Osterman's WebLog. MSDN Blogs. Retrieved 2006-07-29. ^ [1] ^ Dodge, Mark; Stinson, Craig (2007). "Chapter 1: What's new in Microsoft Office Excel 2007". Microsoft Office Excel 2007 inside out. Microsoft Press. p. 1 ff. ISBN 0-7356-2321-X. ^ Office.microsoft.com ^ "The "Big Grid" and Increased Limits in Excel 2007". Microsoft.com. Retrieved 2008-04-10. ^ System-Declared Uniform Type Identifiers ^ "How to extract information from Office files by using Office file formats and schemas". Microsoft. February 26, 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-10. ^ a b "XML Spreadsheet Reference". Microsoft Excel 2002 Technical Articles. MSDN. August 2001. Retrieved 2008-11-10. ^ "Deprecated features for Excel 2007". Microsoft — David Gainer. August 24, 2006. Retrieved 2009-01-02. ^ "OpenOffice.org's documentation of the Microsoft Excel File Format". 2008-08-02. ^ "Microsoft Office Excel 97 - 2007 Binary File Format Specification (*.xls 97-2007 format)". Microsoft Corporation. 2007. ^ http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/word-help/password-protect-documents-workbooks-and-presentations-HA010148333.aspx#BM1 ^ http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/word-help/password-protect-documents-workbooks-and-presentations-HA010148333.aspx#BM3a ^ http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/excel-help/password-protect-worksheet-or-workbook-elements-HP005201059.aspx ^ https://www.password-find.com/password_cracking_statistic.htm ^ http://www.oraxcel.com/projects/encoffice/help/How_safe_is_Word_encryption.html.

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APLIKASI PENGOLAH ANGKA Perangkat Lunak Pengolah Angka Macam-macam Perangkat Lunak Pengolah Angka Macam-macam perangkat lunak pengolah angka antara lain : Kspread, Star Office Calc, Open Office Calc, GNOME - GNumeric, Xess, Lotus 123, Microsoft Excel. Adapun yang sekarang banyak digunakan masyarakat adalah Microsoft Excel. Kspread Kspread merupakan aplikasi pengolah angka (spreadsheet) yang bersifat open source dan multiplatform. Open Source berarti kita dapat mendownload secara gratis dari internet dan menggunakannya secara bebas. Beberapa kemampuan dan fitur yang dimiliki oleh KSpread adalah sebagai berikut: 1. Dapat menggunakan banyak tabel dan lembaran kerja dalam satu dokumen. 2. Mempunyai banyak template untuk membuat dokumen. 3. Mempunyai banyak format grafik untuk menampilkan data dalam bentuk grafik. 4. Dapat menambahkan header dan footer. 5. Mempunyai lebih dari 100 fungsi, termasuk perhitungan deviasi standar, varian, nilai uang saat ini, dan masih banyak lagi. 6. Mengurutkan data. 7. Pengecekan vallidasi sel data. 8. Hyperlink. 9. Pengaturan baris dan kolom. 10. Pengaturan sel. Star Office Calc StarOffice Calc merupakan aplikasi pengolah angka yang dikembangkan oleh Sun Microsystem. StarOffice Calc adalah aplikasi pengolah angka yang bersifat multiplatform, yang berarti dapat dijalankan di berbagai sistem operasi termasuk Linux, Solaris, Unix, dan Windows. Kelebihan dari StarOffice Calc: 1. kemampuannya untuk mengenali dan mengklarifikasi data yang ditempatkan di lembaran kerja. 2. membantu penggunanya untuk membuat grafik dari data tersebut. 3. Dapat dikonversi dengan mudah menjadi dokumen Microsoft Excel. Aplikasi ini dilenkapi dengan banyak fitur untuk menganalisis data, diantaranya adalah sebagai berikut: 1. Dilengkapi dengan 275 fungsi dan formula yang dapat dibuat sendiri oleh penggunanya. 2. Function Wizard berfungsi untuk membantu pengguna menambahkan rumus-rumus yang sulit. 3. Natural language Formula : untuk pendefinisian rumus menjadi lebih intuitif dan lebih mudah dikomunikasikan. 4. Skenario “What If” dapat melakukan perhitungan dengan berbagai scenario. 5. Data Pilot Tables digunakan untuk mengekstra dan menyimpulkan data dari kumpulan data yag yang ada. 6. Chart mempunyai 13 tipe dan berbagi bentuk format,dan dapat membantu pengguna menampilkan data dalam bentuk grafik sesuai dengan format yang diinginkan 7. Macro adalah rangkaian perintah yang dibuat denagn menuliskan kode program atau merekam rangkain perintah tertentu. Selain fitur di atas,Calc juga dilengkapi dengan kemampuan untuk mengkonversi dan sharing data dengan aplikasi pengolah angka yang lain. Beberapa kemampuannya yaitu: 1. File yang dihasilkan Calc dapat dikonversi dengan mudah menjadi file Microsoft Excel serta dapat dibuka dan diedit di Microsoft Excel. 2. Dapat mengimpor file yang dihasilkan oleh Lotus 1-2-3. 3. Dapat mengkonversi file dalam bentuk file PDF. Open Office Calc OpenOffice Calc adalah aplikasi pengolah angka yang besifat open source (dapat dibuka melalui sistem operasi apa saja). Beberapa kemampuan dan fitur yang dimilki oleh OpenOffice Calc yaitu 1. Advanced DataPilot Tecnologi, 2. Natural Language Formulas, 3. Intelligent sum button, 4. Wizard, Styles dan Formatiing, 5. Scenario Manager, 6. Menyimpan file dokumen yang dihasilkan dalam format OpenDokument (XML) 7. Menyimpan file dokumen dalam format yang dapat dibuka dan diedit oleh Microsoft Excel. 8. Menyimpan file dokumen dalam format PDF. GNOME Office - Gnumeric Gnumeric adalah aplikasi pengolah angka yang merupakan keluarga dari GNOME Office. Gnumeric bersifat open source. Gnumeric memiliki tampilan yang user friendly di mana jendela Gnumeric dilengkapi dengan menu-menu dan tombol-tombol toolbar. Beberapa kemampuan dan fitur yang dimilki oleh Gnumeric adalah sebagai berikut: 1. Memilki 95% fungsi-fungsi yang terdapat di Excel dan 100% fungsi –fungsi Enginering. 2. Melakukan perhitungan dengan tetap menjaga keterkaitan antar sel. 3. Pengguna dapat mendefinisikan nama sel, selang sel, dan fungsi sendiri. 4. Dilengkapi menu, toolbar, dan kemampuan zoom. 5. Menggambar berbagai bentuk objek. 6. Mencetak lembar kerja dengan format tertentu dan dilengkapi dengan header. 7. Mengatur format data dalam bentuk angka, mata uang akuntansi, tanggal, waktu, persentase, bilangan pecahan,bilangan sains, dan teks persis seperti di Excel. 8. Mengatur format teks & dapat menebak tipe data yang dimasukkan secara otomatis. 9. Tersedia dalam berbagai bahasa. 10. Dapat mengimpor file dari format Excel, XML, HTML, CCV, LOTUS 1-2-3, GNU Oleo serta dapat mengekspor fileke format Excel, XML, HTML, LaTeX, Troff, PDF, EPS, DVI, CVS. 11. Dapat menggunakan format file XML. Abacus Abacus adalah aplikasi pengolah angka yang hanya membutuhkan memori kecil dan sangat mudah digunakan. Awalnya Abacus dikembangkan sebaggai proyek mahasiswa di Universitas IST, Portugal di bawah bimbingan Prof. Arlindo Oliveira. Beberapa kemampuan dan fitur yang dimilki oleh Abaacus adalah sebagai berikut: 1. Lembaran kerja yang banyak namun jumlahnya dibatasi oleh ketersediaan memori komputer. 2. Fungsi-fungsi standar berbentuk menu. 3. Perintah pengeditan data di sel. 4. Berbagai pemformatan sel. 5. Menyisiipkan,menghapus, serta mengubah ukuran kolom dan baris. 6. Perintah undo dan redo lebih dari satu. 7. Perintah find dan replace. 8. Mengurutkan data dengan berbagai metode. 9. Grafik yang dapat dihapus, dipindah, dan diubah ukurannya. 10. Fasilitas AutoSave. 11. Fasilitas Help. Wingz Wingz adalah progam aplikasi pengolah angka yang dapat dijalankan diberbagai sistem operasi. Perangkat lunak pengolah angka ini dikeluarkan oleh Investment Intelligent. Kelebihan dari Wingz adalah sifatnya yang freeware meski dibatasi hanya untuk penggunaan nonkomersial dan tidak untuk dijual kembali. Wingz juga dilengkapi dengan perangkat alat bantu untuk menganalisis data dinamis dengan fungsi-fungsi lengkap dalam bidang statistic,rekayasa,keuangan dan ditambah dengan keteersedian matriks lembaran kerja yang multiplayer. XESS XESS adalah aplikasi pengolah angka yang dibuat oleh AIS (Applied Information System) dan dapat dijalankan dikomputer dengan sistem UNIX, Linux, Open VMS dan Windows. Beberapa kemampuan dan fitur yang dimilki oleh XESS adalah sebagai berikut: 1. Kemampuan untuk mengimpor file dari Excel dan Lotus. 2. Dapat memberikan penaggalan dari tahun 1601 hingga 3999 serta kemampuan untuk menggunakan format tanggal dan waktu yang diatur oleh pengguna. 3. Memiliki sekitar 50 fungsi tambahan. 4. Perintah Undo dan Redo sampai pada beberapa tingkat. 5. Fungsi Search dan Replace. 6. Dapat mengaktifkan beberapa lembaran kerja secara bersamaan. 7. Melakukan pengacuan sel atau selang sel dengan menggunakan lokasi sel atau nama sel. 8. Perintah copy dan paste. 9. Mempunyai fasilitas Help yang sensitif terhadap konteks dengan internal browser HTML. 10. Pengguna dapat mengatur warna. 11. Dapat mengubah format sel,jenis, ukuran dan style huruf. 12. Dapat memutar sel dan mengatur perataan teks di sel dalam arah vertikal. 13. Mendukung karakter internasional 14. Mengatur ukuran kolom dan baris secara otomatis. 15. Mengurut dan menyaring data dengan tetap menjaga keterkaitan sel. 16. Berbagai jenis grafik. Kelemahannya : 1. Harganya sangat mahal,dibanding Excel yang jauh lebih murah. XXL Xxl adalah aplikasi pengolah angka yang dikembangkan oleh Universitas Nice dan dapat dijalankan di komputer dengan sistem operasi Unix. Xxl mempunyai tampilan GUI yang sederhana dan mudah digunakan. Kelebihan dari Xxl adalah dilengkapi dengan fungsi-fungsi kompleks yang tidak ada di aplikasi pengolah angka yang lain pada umumnya, karena fungsi-fungsi tersebut memang jarang digunakan oleh pengguna umum. Beberapa kemampuan dan fitur standart yang dimiliki adalah: 1. Dapat menggunakan acuan relatif dan mutlak. 2. Memilki fungsi aritmatika, statistik, logika, waktu dan teks 3. Membuat baris dan kolom dalam jumlah yang tak terbatas 4. Dokumen dapat terdiri dari lembaran kerja dala jumlah yang tak terbatas. 5. Mempunyai perintah Untuk menghapus dan menyisipkan baris dan kolom. 6. Perintah Cut,Copy dan Paste antar aplikasi. 7. Menjalankan perintah Undo. 8. Fasilitas untuk mengidentifikasikan lembaran kerja,seperti judul,penulis,tanggal. 9. Mengurutkan dan menyaring data. 10. Menyembunyikan baris dan kolom. 11. Menampilkan Print Preview dan mencetak. 12. Mengekspor file dalam dokumen ke format postscrip, HTML,LaTeX, dll. 13. Membuat grafik dalam bentuk grafik batang dan garis. Lotus 123 Lotus 123 merupakan aplikasi pengolah angka yang dikeluarkan IBM. Lotus 123 dikeluarkan dalam satu paket bersama-sama aplikasi Office lainya dan dikenal dengan nama Lotus SmartSuite. Aplikasi ini mempunyai kemampuan dan fitur yang lengkap diantaranya yaitu: 1. Kompatibel dengan teks, fungsi, rumus, dan grafik dari Excel. 2. Fungsi-fungsi analisis yang kompatibel dengan Excel. 3. Mengkopi dan memindahkan lembaran kerja. 4. Fasilitas SmartLabel. 5. Automatic SmartFill. 6. Dapat menggunakan baris sampai dengan 65.536 baris. 7. Perintah Copy dan Paste. 8. Ask the Expert. 9. Excel Menu Finder. 10. Data Validation Add-In. 11. AutoSave. Selain fitur-fitur diatas.Lotus 1-2-3 juga dilengkapi kemampuan dan fitur integrasi dengan internet, antara lain sebagai berikut: 1. Web Tables. 2. Hyperlink. 3. HTML Features 4. Publishing Assistant. Microsoft Excel Microsoft Excel adalah aplikasi pengolah angka yang dikeluarkan oleh Microsoft Corporation. Perusahaan perangkat lunak terbesar di dunia. Microsoft memiliki fitur-fitur yang memungkinkannya diintegrasikan dengan aplikasi Microsoft Office lainnya. Excel merupakan aplikasi pengilah angka yang paling banyak digunakan. Karena excel dilengkapi dengan kemampuan dan fitur yang tidak dimilki oleh aplikasi pengolah angka yang lain. Beberapa kemampuan dan kelebihan yang dimilikinya adalah sebagai berikut: 1. Dapat menggunakan acuan relatif dan mutlak untuk mengacu ke sel/selang sel tertentu. 2. Memiliki fungsi yang lengkap. 3. Dokumen dapat terdiri dari lembaran kerja dalam jumlah kerja yang banyak. 4. Mempunyai perintah untuk menghapus dan menyisipkan baris dan kolom. 5. Menjalankan perintah Undo dan Redo. 6. Mengurutkan dan menyaring data. 7. Menyembunyikan baris dan kolom. 8. Menampilkan Print Preview dan mencetak. 9. Membuat grafik dalam berbagai bentuk dan kemampuan untuk memformat bagian-bagian grafik. 10. Perintah pengeditan data di sel. 11. Berbagai pemformat sel. 12. Perintah Find dan Replace 13. Fasilitas AutoSave. 14. Fasilitas Help. 15. Menggabung dan membagi sel. 16. Mengimpor data dari database perusahaan. 17. Menggunakan Macro, solver, Add-Ins. 18. Menyimpan file dalam format XML. Microsoft Excel Versi 1.0 dapat dijalankan pada komputer IBM PC dengan Micro Processor 80486. Kemudian Microsoft Excel versi 2.0. Microsoft Excel 2000 yang untuk selanjutnya disingkat Excel 2000 merupakan program aplikasi spreadsheet (lembar kerja elektronik). Excel 2000 merupakan pengembangan dari Microsoft Excel versi sebelumnya dengan tujuan agar program aplikasi spreadsheet (lembar kerja elektronik) ini lebih mudah digunakan dan dapat dimanfaatkan semua fasilitas yang ada pada sistem jaringan baik internet maupun intranet. Tahun 1990 Microsoft Corporation memperkenalkan Microsoft Excel versi 3.0 yang menampilkan window-nya yang tiga dimensi dan mendukung penggunaan memori. Kemudian pada tanggal 6 April 1992, Microsoft Corporation telah mengeluarkan Microsoft Excel 3.1. Pada tanggal 24 Agustus 1995 Microsoft Corporation secara resmi mengeluarkan versi terbarunya dengan nama Microsoft Excel '95 dan diteruskan dengan versi Microsoft Excel '97 serta dalam tahap penyempurnaan akan dikeluarkan pula versi terbarunya yakni Microsoft Excel 2003.

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Mengenal Microsoft Office 2007 Posted by irzhasarir on October 11, 2012 in Uncategorized | ∞ A.SEJARAH SINGKAT MICROSOFT OFFICE Sejarah panjang perjalanan Microsoft Office hingga saat ini, banyak perubahandan penambahan fasilitas sejak pertama kali diluncurkan tanggal 30 Agustus1992. Waktu itu aplikasi perkantoran ini diberi nama Microsoft Office versi3.0. Pada versi tersebut Microsoft Office menyertakan Microsoft Word sebagai pengolah kata, Microsoft Excel sebagai pengolah angka, Microsoft PowerPointdigunakan sebagai aplikasi presentasi yang handal dan Microsoft Maildigunakan untuk menerima dan mengirim email. Setelah populer dengan Microsoft Office 3.0, pada tahun 1995-an Microsoftkembali meluncurkan Microsoft Office 95 bersamaan waktu itu Microsoftmeluncurkan sistem operasi Microsoft Windows 95. Pada sistem operasi iniMicrosoft merombak total Windows versi 3.1 dan Windows 3.11 for Workgroup, perubahan yang cukup signifikan dalam sejarah sistem operasi PCsaat itu. Sejalan dengan pekembangan sistem operasi Microsoft Windows,Microsoft Office sendiri terus berkembang dan semakin mapan dan terusdigandrungi serta digunakan oleh sebagian besar masyarakat komputer didunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Sampai pada tahun 2000-an Microsoft sudah meluncurkan beberapa versiMicrosoft Office dan sampai saat ini masih tetap digunakan sebagai andalanaplikasi perkantoran modern. Beberapa versi dari Microsoft Office yang masih banyak digunakan saat ini antara lain Microsoft Office 2000, Microsoft OfficeXP (2002) dan Microsoft Office 2003. Pada kenyataannya sampai saat ini masih banyak kemampuan Microsoft Office2003 masih belum tersentuh oleh pemakainya. Namun sejalan dengan perkembangan teknologi dan sistem operasi yang juga terus berkembang, makadiluar dugaan Microsoft kembali meluncurkan Microsoft Office 2007 bersamaan dengan Windows Vista yang akan hadir di tengah-tengah masyarakat komputer dunia. Microsoft Office 2007 adalah versi paling baru dari Microsoft Office bagisistem Windows dan juga merupakan produk dari pabrik raksasa Microsoft.Dahulunya program ini dikenal dengan nama Office 12 dan pernah dikeluarkankurang lebih dua tahun yang lalu tapi masih dalam versi beta. Baru padatanggal 30 Januari 2007 program ini secara resmi diliris oleh Microsoft. Office2007 ini mempunyai fitur yang baru dan tampilan yang sekarang disebutsebagai Fluent User Interface. Kalau pada versi sebelumnya kita biasamenggunakan Menu dan Toolbar maka pada versi 2007 ini keduanya dihapusdan diganti dengan yang lebih canggih. Ada tiga buah fitur yang ada dalamtampilan Office 2007 yang menggantikan menu dan toolbar yaitu TombolMicrosoft Office , Quick Access Toolbar, dan Ribbon. Sebagian pengguna komputer pasti sudah mengenal sebuah rangkaian aplikasi pengolahan data yang disebut Microsoft Office Word. Microsoft Office Word2007 (Office 12.0). Versi ini dirilis tahun 2007. Memiliki fitur baru. Jugaadanya Groove, sebuah aplikasi kolaborasi. Untuk penginstallannyamembutuhkan minimal Windows XP SP 2. Pada tahun 2009 Office ini sudah banyak dipakai sekarang dan mulai menggeser kedudukan Office 2003. 1.Kelebihan Microsoft Office 2007 Banyak sekali fitur-fitur terbaru dari MicrosoftOffice 2007 karena merupakan pengembangandari Microsoft Office 2003 yang sudah terujikemampuan dan kehandalannya sebagai aplikasi perkantoran yang tidak ada duanya. Penampilan Office 2007 sungguh diluar dugaan, pada versiterbarunya ini Microsoft merobak total dan tidak sedikitpun menyisakan penampilan Office yang ada pada versi sebelumnya. Semua tampilannyahampir tidak mencerminkan Microsoft Office yang penuh dengan menudan sub menu yang merepotkan. Memang perintah-perintah yang ada di diOffice 2002 maupun di Office 2003 masih bisa digunakan. Namun kali ini Microsoftmerobak total dan kalau kita ingat hampir sama ketika Microsoft merobak totalWindows 3.1 dan Windows 3.11 ke Windows 95 dan Windows NT. Menurut Junita Leeman, Marketing Manager Microsoft Office Indonesia”Microsoft Office 2007 hadir dengan fasiltas yang disebut dengan Ribbon.Ribbon ini dimaksudkan untuk memudahkan pengguna menggunakansemua features yang ada di Office 2007 dengan one klik hingga waktu pengerjaan bisa dihemat dengan sangat berarti, demikian Junitamenjelasakan salah satu kelebihan Microsoft Office 2007 yang akandiluncurkan tanggal 7 Desember 2006, yang secara general akan lounchingtanggal 14 Februari 2007″. Sedangkan di US sendiri rencananya awaltahun 2007″, katanya. Perubahan yang cukup signifikan dari Office 2007 ini antara lain User Interface. Coba perhatikan perubahan ini terlihat pada Word, Excel, danPowerPoint. Pada aplikasi ini nyaris tidak terlihat menu-menu seperti versisebelumnya. Di sini semua menu diganti dengan penampilan ikon yanginopatif dan informatif. Dengan sedikit menu dan nyaris tidak terlihat sub menu ini akanmemudahkan bagi pemakai. Beberapa Interface yang ada di Office 2007yang dirombak secara total antara lain tombol-tombol menu, sehinggamenu yang terdapat pada Office 2007 lebih transparan dan teratur sehinggamudah penggunaannya. Menu dropdown yang ada pada versi sebelumnya kini hampir tidak ada, pada menu home misalnya, terdapat pilihan Clipboard, Font, Paragraph,Styles, dan Editing. Sedangkan untuk pilihan-pilihan yang tersedia berbentuk horizontal dan menggabungkan teks dan icon sehingga sangatmudah dan tidak perlu masuk dari menu ke sub menu. Pada versi lama Menu File merupakan menu awal yang sangat bergunauntuk melakukan setting awal, seperti untuk menentukan ukuran kertas,menyimpan file, mencetak file dan sebagainya. Pada Office 2007 menutersebut berubah total. Menu File pada sebelumnya kini hadir dengansebuah ikon lingkaran dengan logo Office yang terletak di pojok kiri atas.Ketika pemakai mengkliki ikon tersebut akan tampak pilihan-pilihan New,Open, Convert, Save, Save As, dan lain-lain. Perubahan menu ini berlaku untuk semua keluarga Microsoft Office 2007.Jadi kalau Anda sudah membuka Microsoft Word 2007, maka ketikamasuk ke aplikasi lainnya menu yang ditampilkan relatif hampir sama.Dengan demikian pemakai tidak akan kerepotan karena semua pilihansudah bisa digunakan tanpa harus tersesat. Perubahan menu ini berlaku untuk semua keluarga Microsoft Office 2007.Jadi kalau Anda sudah membuka Microsoft Word 2007, maka ketikamasuk ke aplikasi lainnya menu yang ditampilkan relatif hampir sama.Dengan demikian pemakai tidak akan kerepotan karena semua pilihansudah bisa digunakan tanpa harus tersesat. a.SmartArt Pada Office 2007 terdapat sebuah tools yang cukup menarik bernamaSmartArt. Tools ini terletak di menu insert dan grup pilihanIllustration. Kenapa diberinama SmartArt, karena tools bisadigunakan untuk memperindah pekerjaan dengan menampilkan berbagai macam diagram yang berbentuk graphic, baik dengan tipe2D ataupun 3D. Sedikitnya terdapat 80 template yang bisa digunakanuntuk memperindah pekerjaan Anda. Penampilan PowerPoint juga berubah, dalam hal ini terdapat tools baru bernama Photo Album yang bisa ditemukan pada menu Insertdan grup pilihan Illustration. Dengan pilihan Photo Album ini pemakai bisa leluasa membuat slide presentasi dengan menampilkanfoto-foto yang sudah masukkan ke komputer Anda. b.Format File Sudah diketahui keluarga Microsoft menyediakan berbagai formatfile. Namun pada versi sebelumnya belum terlihat format file PDFyang dibuat oleh Microsoft Office. Bisa namun harus menggunakantambahan aplikasi dari keluarga Adobe Acrobat. Pada Microsoft Office 2007, Microsoft sudah menyertakan fitur baruuntuk menyimpan file dalam berbagai format termasuk format PDFdan XPS. Untuk bisa menggunakannya cukup pilih ikon lingkarankemudian pilih Save As PDF or XPS. Jadi tidak perlu lagimenambahkan aplikasi lain untuk menyimpan file dalam format PDF tersebut. Format file lainnya juga mengalami perubahan, sebagai contoh file berformat Word yang tadinya berakhiran DOC, Microroft Excel berakhir XLS, PowerPoint berakhir.PPT kini berganti dengan DOCXuntuk Word, XLSX untuk Excel dan PPTX untuk PowerPoint. Perubahan yang cukup berarti juga terdapat pada Microsoft Outlook 2007. Di mana Microsoft telah menambahkan sebuah kolom padamain window-nya. Kolom yang tadinya hanya tiga bagian sekarang menjadi empat bagian. Tiga kolom yang sudah ada adalah kolom e-mail, alamat dari e-maildan isi e-mail yang sedang dibuka. Kolom tambahan yang keempatadalah kolom To Do Bar, di mana kolom ini akan menampilkankalender pada saat Outlook tersebut Anda buka yang di dalamnyaakan terdapat appointment dan tasks yang sudah Anda tentukansebelumnya. Microsoft Access 2007 hampir berobah secara total, dimana berbagai penambahan baik interface maupun fitur dan fungsi pendukunglainnya. Ketika Anda mulai membuka aplikasi Access, pertama yangakan terlihat adalah interface yang sama sekali baru, berbeda denganversi Office sebelumnya. Pada window pertama Anda akan berhadapan dengan pilihan berbagaikategori template yang sudah tersedia, baik itu kategori template yangsudah terinstal di dalam komputer Anda maupun kategori templateyang harus di-download terlebih dahulu. Jika Anda ingin membuatdatabase sendiri pilih ka tegori template “Featuring” yang di dalamnyaterdapat satu buah pilihan, yaitu Blank Database. Setelah itu Andatinggal meneruskan untuk membuat database Acces untuk data-dataAnda. Selain itu Microsoft Access 2007 juga mempunyai kemampuanuntuk proses impor dan export data. Selain aplikasi standar tersebut pada Microsoft Office 2007 ini jugadibundel Microsoft Publisher 2007 yang digunakan untuk keperluandesain majalah, buku, dan lain-lain. Hadir juga InfoPath 2007,OneNote 2007, Groove 2007 dan Coomunicator 2007. Aplikasi-aplikasi yang disebutkan terakhir ini merupakan tambahan yang bisadigunakan untuk berbagai keperluan perkantoran modern saat ini. Adapun keunggulan lain yaitu: 1)Dapat menyimpan file dokumen dalam format .doc untuk MicrosoftOffice 1997 – 2003 dan .docx untuk format Microsoft Office 2007. 2)Anda juga bisa posting blog dengan menggunakan Microsoft Officen 2007 ini 3)Fitur-fitur yang sangat menarik. 4)Walaupun memiliki tampilan untuk Windows Vista, namun Microsoft Office 2007 ini juga bisa diinstal pada Windows XP. 5)Dapat menggunakan equation untuk menulis rumus. 6)Dapat digunakan untuk kepentingan kesekretariatan normal. 7)Mudah memformat tulisan. 8)Software ini pun bisa ditambahkan add-on, yaitu aplikasi lain yang bisa support dengan Microsoft Office. Contohnya yaitu Aplikasi Al-Quran dan Math Type (aplikasi matematika). 2.Kekurangan Microsoft Office 2007 a. Lisensi berbayar dan membutuhkan resource yang cukup besar. b. Jika disimpan dengan tipe .docx tidak dapat dibuka pada versi di bawahnya. c. Harus menginstall Adobe Acrobat bila ingin menyimpan dalam format.pdf, tidak bisa dengan save as biasa. d. Jika spesifikasi komputer masih agak rendah, untuk menjalankanMicrosoft Office 2007 agak berat. e. Kinerja yang lebih lambat. f. Antarmuka yang cukup jauh berbeda dengan versi sebelumnya,sehingga malah membingungkan bagi yang belum terbiasa. g. Hanya dapat menyimpan dalam format yang telah ada (default), tidak dapat menyimpan dalam format yang dimiliki open offie (misal .odt). h. Sangat rentan dan rawan terjangkit virus. B.SPESIFIKASI SISTEM Anda akan beralih ke Microsoft Office 2007? Pastikan komputer sudahterpasang minimal Microsoft Windows XP. Aplikasi terbaru keluaranMicrosoft ini akan bekerja dengan hanya pada Microsoft Windows XP danWindows Vista. Jadi untuk persyaratan sistemnya Anda mengikutirequirement kedua sistem operasi tersebut. Namun apabila Anda masihmenggunakan sistem operasi Windows 2000 atau di bawahnya sebaiknyaurungkan niat Anda untuk menginstalasi Microsoft Office 2007. Karena Anda akan kecewa dan aplikasi canggih ini tidak bisa digunakan. Sebagaigambaran berikut ini tampilkan spesifikasi sistem yang diperlukanMicrosoft Office 2007.

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